Former director of translation office of the ministry of foreign affairs of China

Bachelor's degree from Beijing Institute of Foreign Languages

Master's degree from Fletcher Institute of Foreign Law

1978-1980 member of the Department of education and training of the Ministry of foreign affairs of the people's Republic of China;

1980-1987 third secretary, Second Secretary and deputy director of the Translation Office of the Ministry of foreign affairs;

1987-1990 Second Secretary and first Secretary of the Embassy of the United States of America;

1990-1998 deputy director, director and counsellor of the US Department of the Ministry of foreign affairs;

1998-2001 deputy director of the U.S. Department of foreign affairs;

2001-2005 ambassador extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of China to New Zealand and Cook Islands;

2005-2011 director of Translation Office of the Ministry of foreign affairs;

Main achievements: in 1980s, he interpreted for leaders such as Deng Xiaoping, Zhao Ziyang, Hu Yaobang and Li Xiannian, and translated mainly from Chinese to English. President Hu's speech to the United States in 2006 and other leaders' speeches were finalized by him. Also he participated in the finalization of the English version of Premier Wen's government work reports in 2006 and 2007, and the finalization of the English version of the national defense white paper in 2006.

On the conditions for soldiers to intervene in the political process in ancient society

Korean industrialization and bureaucratic authoritarianism

Some features of the economic policies of the military regime in developing countries

Logic of western political development: from middle ages to modern times

Rural political development: autonomy and political regulation

Bubble politics: the myth of multi-party democracy in Africa

Challenges and hopes for China's political development in the new century

Political participation in contemporary China

Western political system

Main research fields: English interpretation and translation.

As we all know, in political life, the allocation of social resources is always manifested through power. On the surface, power depends on organizations, institutions and systems, but there is a cultural mechanism behind the occurrence, operation and obedience of power. Most of the past social processes were manifested through events. In specific historical events, specific historical figures used culture to respond to the pressure of organizations, institutions and systems, which not only created new cultures, but also provided impetus for the changes of organizations, institutions and systems.

In other words, character determines fate, attitude determines behavior, and attitude type is culture, which is the belief, value, emotion and psychological structure system behind the orientation of cognition, expression and evaluation. Of course, the "compulsory role" of culture is shown as the induced guidance of individual behavior and collective action, which is a kind of collective unconsciousness, and its play is usually not direct but needs to be transformed. If culture provides a psychological mechanism for political identity, authority is inseparable from cultural support, action is inseparable from cultural mobilization, and governance is inseparable from cultural manipulation, then culture indeed provides a suitable key for observation, understanding and interpretation of politics.