How should we understand the current anti-globalization wave? What about the deconstruction of globalization rules that had been established over the years? How should we understand the turmoil and chaos in today's world?
After Nikki Haley, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations resigned, she accepted an interview the National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC), and was very outspoken against the U.S. President Donald Trump. She said that Trump is unpredictable, but she often uses Trump's "unpredictability" to "get her job done". Such an "unpredictability" was used as an advantage to make other countries accomplish her tasks. These "tasks" were obviously not those assigned by President Trump, but the those that Haley herself determined according to her own missions.
The "tasks" as represented and defined by Haley represents and reflects the characteristics of global interest groups. Interest groups are an important feature of the modern political system and flourished after World War II. Interest groups, also known as pressure groups or advocacy groups, refer to social groups and organizations that have the same interests and make reasonable demands to the society or the government to win the interests of their members and groups to influence public policies.
It is not necessary for interest groups to be tangible organizations. They could very well be intangible and temporary ones too. In addition, the members of groups might not be organized but act on the basis of consensus. In the past, Japanese interest groups played the most prominent political role in the form of party factions and this is quite well known. In Vladimir Putin's Russia, the political role of St. Petersburg in Russia has become familiar to the world. In the United States, it was the Republican and the Democrat taking turns to govern the country, yet now the actual interest's makeup has long been diversified. Political parties are merely a platform for consultation in the U.S. Congress, and there are many activities with interest groups behind them. It is for this reason that so many American politicians have called for a cease in dividing the United States. In Europe, the activities of various interest groups have also been exposed because of the pressure from refugee issues, and there has also been public division in the French military system.
The future world is not only about the exchanges between countries. Other than the ruling parties and the oppositions, there is a third force. This third force is becoming more active. This means that in the future there will be tremendous changes in international exchanges and political trends, and more organic organizations will be sought after. The era in which a national leader establishes, coordinates and directs a single system to operate will gradually transform into a condition where the national political leader coordinates the multiple systems within the country.
There are many reasons for this. Having been tracking Chinese interest groups since the last century, Anbound has published reports that the prevalence of interest groups in the world politics is mainly caused by two diversification factors.
One is the diversification of the crisis. The various crises have created tremendous pressure to promote the birth and rise of various interest groups. Others are the diversification of interests, the shape of interests and the increasingly diversified interest groups. The competition is becoming increasingly fierce, which also promotes the rapid accumulation and formation of such interest groups. At the end of last year, Jim Mattis, the former U.S. Secretary of Defense who resigned because of his disagreement with President Trump, belonged to an organization that supported Trump. There are also a number of interest groups behind Brexit, including at least one mysterious organization called "Leave.eu".
Final analysis conclusion:
In the future world, the party politics that countries were originally familiar with in the world have a higher tendency to break down into group-based politics that are smaller but with more unity and consistency than parties. From the perspective of interest group determinism, the emergence of interest groups is an objective phenomenon. It can be either good nor bad, depending on the outcome. The emergence of this trend has its practical significance and inevitabilities, and its performance will become increasingly obvious. The future will change the political structure of all countries in the world, and will also change the world's politics and diplomacy in terms of organizational systems, global outlook, communication and collaboration.
